• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a linear actuator comprising a roller screw mechanism (24) guided in rotation with respect to a frame (26) by means of two angular contact ball bearings (33a, 33b); the roller screw mechanism (24) comprising rollers (28) interposed between a worm (25) and two threaded rings (29a, 29b) interconnected in rotation and free in translation, characterized in that each threaded ring (29a, 29b) is integral with an inner ring of a ball bearing (33a, 33b), and in that the linear actuator comprises a single precharging device (36) capable of exerting a stress between two rings. external bearings (32a, 32b) of angular contact ball bearings (33a, 33b) for simultaneously loading the roller screw mechanism (24) and the rotational guidance of the screw-roller mechanism (24) by relation to the frame (26)
    公开号:FR3021085A1
    申请号:FR1401107
    申请日:2014-05-16
    公开日:2015-11-20
    发明作者:Thomas Combernoux；Alain Blanc；Damien Chassoulier；Yannick Baudasse
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to the field of satellite roller screw mechanisms for converting a rotational movement into a translational motion, and more specifically a guided roller screw mechanism. in rotation relative to a frame, and provided with a precharge device capable of catching the games inside the mechanism. The invention finds particular utility in the aerospace field especially for the realization of linear actuator. Linear actuators are used in a variety of satellite-based systems, such as for the orientation of propulsion devices dedicated to orbit transfer or station keeping of a satellite in orbit. In these systems, an electric motor transmits a rotational movement to a screw-nut mechanism for converting the rotational movement into translational motion. To improve the efficiency of the conversion or where high precision of movement is desired, roller screw mechanisms may be implemented. Many linear actuators use satellite roller screw mechanisms, particularly for their long life and compactness. Figure 1 shows a linear actuator comprising a roller screw mechanism. In known manner, the roller screw mechanism 10 comprises rollers 9 interposed between a worm 11 and two threaded rings 12a and 12b connected to a housing 13. The housing is guided in rotation relative to the frame 14 by means of In the example shown, the housing is rotated by a rotary motor 16. The worm 11 is connected to the frame in rotation and free in translation. The rotational movement of the housing 13 makes it possible to drive the worm 11 in translation relative to the frame. The principle of roller screw mechanisms is known and is not repeated here, in particular the means for returning each turn of the worm, the rollers in a central position relative to the two threaded rings. There are various precharge devices for roller screw mechanisms. These devices that prestress the mechanism so as to catch the games inside the mechanism are commonly used in the aerospace field. When the mechanism is called upon to undergo high vibrations and to operate under high vacuum, as is particularly the case when launching the spacecraft, the relative axial displacements 5 repeated between the case, the rollers and the rings Tapped threads generate repeated shocks that can damage or seize the parts of the mechanism. In a known implementation, an axial preload is imposed between the two threaded rings, so as to keep the movable elements in contact with each other. Several mechanisms are known that are able to apply a precharge in compression between the two threaded rings. In particular, the preloading device described by the patent application published under the reference FR2699633, the principle of which is shown in FIG. 1, is known. The two threaded rings 12a and 12b are mounted in the casing 13 so that a first ring threaded, here referenced 12a is secured to the housing, and a second threaded ring, here referenced 12b is connected in rotation to the housing and free in translation. The preloading device is a spring mechanism 17 comprising a helical compression spring 18 placed around the worm and between two bearing rings 19a and 19b. The support ring 19a is in contact with the threaded ring 12b. The support ring 19b is in contact with a preload nut 20 mounted on the housing for imposing a compressive force on the coil spring. The linear actuator is constituted by the roller screw mechanism 10 rotated by the rolling bearing 15. The rotating guide is also exposed to strong vibrations and high vacuum conditions. For this reason, it also includes a precharging device. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the rolling bearing is made up of super-duplex type solid precharge bearings. The bearing 15 comprises two rows of angular contact ball bearings mounted in X. The inner rings 21a and 21b of the two rows of bearings are loaded by means of a preload nut 22 mounted on the frame. Thus, the linear actuator comprises two precharging devices, capable of prestressing respectively the roller screw mechanism 35 and the rotational guidance thereof relative to the frame. The result is a complex linear actuator, whose preload requires a large number of components (support rings, coil spring, preload nuts, super duplex preload bearings, etc ...). All of these components, consisting essentially of stainless steel, represent a large mass and volume. The linear actuator is also complex to design and manufacture. It therefore remains desirable to have a linear actuator incorporating a simple precharge device, inexpensive, compatible with the most ambitious requirements of the aerospace field. To this end, the object of the invention is a linear actuator comprising a roller screw mechanism guided in rotation with respect to a frame by means of a first and a second angular contact ball bearing; the roller screw mechanism comprising rollers interposed between a worm and first and second threaded rings interconnected in rotation and free in translation. The first and second threaded rings are integral with an inner ring respectively of the first and second angular contact ball bearings. The linear actuator comprises a single precharging device capable of exerting a stress between two outer rings respectively of the first and second angular contact ball bearings, for simultaneously loading the roller screw mechanism and the guiding device. rotation of the screw-roller mechanism relative to the frame. Advantageously, the threaded rings constitute the inner rings of the two ball bearings. Advantageously, the threaded rings are connected by means of a key or a metal bellows. Advantageously, the linear actuator comprises a solid precharging device capable of exerting a stress between the outer rings brought into contact with each other. Advantageously, the precharge device comprises a bearing surface and a resilient ring enclosing the two outer rings in contact with each other, and comprising a set of clamping screws configured to impose a stress on the elastic ring. Advantageously, the linear actuator comprises an elastic precharge device capable of exerting a stress between the two outer rings spaced apart from each other. Advantageously, the frame comprises first and second half-shells secured respectively to the first and second outer rings. The precharging device is configured to impose a constraint tending to bring the two outer rings together; the rotation guidance is ensured by the two ball bearings mounted in "X". Advantageously, the frame comprises first and second half-shells secured respectively to the first and second outer rings, and the precharging device is configured to impose a stress tending to move the two outer rings; the rotation guidance is ensured by the two ball bearings mounted in "0". Advantageously, the worm and the frame are connected in rotation and free in translation. Advantageously, the worm and the frame are connected by means of a key or a metal bellows. Advantageously, the linear actuator comprises a rotary motor capable of rotating the threaded rings of the screw-to-roller mechanism with respect to the frame. The invention will be better understood and other advantages will become apparent upon reading the detailed description of an embodiment given by way of example in the following figures. FIG. 1, already presented, shows a linear actuator comprising a roller screw mechanism according to the state known in the art, FIGS. 2a and 2b represent a first example of a linear actuator according to the invention comprising a screw mechanism. with rotationally guided rollers, FIGS. 3a and 3b show a second example of a linear actuator according to the invention comprising a rotationally guided screw mechanism, FIGS. 4a and 4b represent a third example of a linear actuator according to FIG. invention comprising a rotationally guided roller screw mechanism. For the sake of clarity, the same elements will bear the same references in the different figures. The invention relates first of all to a linear actuator intended to be embarked on a spacecraft, for example for the orientation of the thrust of thrusters with respect to the structure of the satellite. It is envisaged a linear actuator comprising an electric rotary motor and a roller screw mechanism for converting into translation movement. The linear actuator includes a coaxial roller screw mechanism and coaxial rotation guide. The figures show a particular configuration of the linear actuator, referred to as a "translating screw", in which the motor drives the outer casing of the roller screw mechanism in rotation with respect to a frame, which in turn drives the worm in translation relative to the frame. In an alternative configuration, called "translating nut", the motor drives the worm screw of the roller screw mechanism 25 in rotation relative to the frame, causing in translation the outer casing of the roller screw mechanism relative to the frame. The invention is not limited to the particular application of a linear actuator, in a translating configuration, embedded on a satellite, but more broadly covers a Z-axis roller screw mechanism, guided in relative rotation. The invention relates to a preloading device for such a rotationally guided roller screw mechanism. The general idea of the present invention is to ensure a simultaneous precharge of the roller screw and the guide bearing in rotation of the roller screw. Three possible embodiments of preloading device are described below.
    [0002] Simultaneous preloading of the roller screw and its rotation guide significantly simplifies the known systems of the prior art. FIGS. 2a and 2b show a first example of a linear actuator according to the invention comprising a Z-axis roller screw mechanism, guided in rotation with respect to a frame around the same axis Z. The roller screw mechanism 24 comprises an endless screw 25 of Z axis, connected to the frame 26 in rotation and free in translation. It is envisaged to make this sliding connection 27, between the worm 25 and the frame 26, by means of a key or a metal bellows. The roller screw mechanism 24 also includes rollers 28 interposed between the worm 25 and two threaded rings 29a and 29b. The operating principle of the roller screw thus formed is similar to that of the prior art already introduced. Typically, the outer surface of the planet rollers 28 is provided with grooves spaced at a pitch equal to the thread pitch of the worm 25 and the two threaded rings 29a and 29b. The rollers are angularly distributed around the worm. A separating cage (not shown) is generally used to maintain the angular spacing of the rollers. The worm also includes means for returning each turn of the worm, the rollers in a centrally axially symmetrical position relative to the two threaded rings. These means, not shown in the figures, are usually constituted by a recess formed inside the two threaded rings, over a length exceeding the length of a roll, and by cam surfaces 25 formed on the threaded rings nearby. of the angular region corresponding to this recess. The two threaded rings 29a and 29b are interconnected in rotation and free in translation, by means of the connecting means 30, preferably consisting of a key or a metal bellows. The roller screw thus defined makes it possible to convert a rotational movement generated by a rotary motor 31 and transmitted to the threaded rings in a translational movement of the worm 25. The rotation guide of the roller screw mechanism relative to on the frame, around the Z axis, is achieved by means of two rows of 35 angular contact ball bearings mounted in "X". A first ball bearing 33a comprises an outer ring 32a and an inner ring integral with the threaded ring 29a. Similarly, a second ball bearing 33b comprises an outer ring 32b integral with the frame and an inner ring secured to the threaded ring 29b. In the example shown in the figures, the threaded rings 29a and 29b of the roller screw mechanism constitute the inner rings of the ball bearings 33a and 33b. For this, each of the threaded rings, 29a and 29b, respectively, comprise a groove formed in the outer surface of the threaded ring, guiding the balls of the ball bearings, respectively 33a and 33b. Note that it is of course also considered the alternative that the tapping of the roller screw is not directly machined in the bearing rings, but made in integral parts of the bearing rings. The outer races 32a and 32b of the two ball bearings 33a and 33b are mounted in a bore of the frame. The outer ring 33a abuts along a first blank with a bearing surface 34 of the frame, and along a second blank with the outer ring 33b. The outer ring 33b is in contact along a first blank with the outer ring 33a and along a second blank with an elastic ring 35. A set of clamping screws 36 is mounted on the frame so as to compress the resilient ring 35. The mechanical stop 34 and the elastic ring 35, enclosing the two outer rings 32a and 32b, form with the set of clamping screws 36 configured to impose a stress on the elastic ring, the preload device the linear actuator. This precharging device is particularly advantageous because it allows to simultaneously load the roller screw mechanism and the rotational guidance of the screw-roller mechanism relative to the frame. FIG. 2b illustrates the two stress paths exerted simultaneously by the precharging device: a first stress path 41 between the frame and the outer rings of the ball bearings; and a second force path 42 between the frame and the worm, passing through the balls, the oblique contacts of the bearings, the threaded rings and the rollers. The backlash clearance is initially performed between the inner rings of the bearing and the rollers and then in a second time between the outer rings of the bearing. The mastery of the internal stress in the double bearing and in the roller screw is thus guaranteed by clearance clearance. The residual stress due to the tightening of the clamping screws then passes either by the elastic ring or by the outer rings of the bearings.
    [0003] The linear actuator simplifies the combination between the roller screw and its rotation guide. The number of components is greatly reduced. Coastlines are simplified. The performance of the actuator is improved, especially the pointing performance. The linear actuator incorporates a unique precharging device capable of catching the games of the two mechanisms. The process of manufacturing and preloading the actuator is simpler and less expensive. Figures 3a and 3b show a second example of a linear actuator according to the invention comprising a roller screw mechanism guided in rotation relative to a frame. This second example of linear actuator comprises components identical to the first example described by FIGS. 2a and 2b. The common components bear the same references in FIGS. 3a and 3b. This second example also includes different components that we will describe.
    [0004] The roller screw mechanism 24 comprises a worm 25 and rollers 28 interposed between the worm 25 and two threaded rings 29a and 29b. The two threaded rings 29a and 29b are connected to each other in rotation and free in rotation, by means of the connecting means 70 consisting of a metal bellows, pins or keys. The roller screw 25 thus defined makes it possible to convert a rotational movement transmitted to the threaded rings into a translation movement of the worm 25. As before, the rotation guide of the roller screw mechanism with respect to the frame is carried out at means of two rows of angular contact ball bearings 33a and 33b mounted in "X". The threaded rings 29a and 29b of the roller screw mechanism 24 constitute the inner rings of the ball bearings. Unlike the first linear actuator example, the two ball bearings are not mounted in contact with each other in a bore of the frame. In this second example, the frame comprises two half-shells 50a and 50b connected by a set of clamping screws 52. The outer ring 51a of the ball bearing 33a is integral with the first half-shell 50a of the frame. The outer ring 51b of the ball bearing 33b is integral with the second half-shell 50b of the frame. As shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the outer ring and the half-shell may consist of a single one-piece component, making it possible to reduce the number of components of the actuator and simplify its manufacturing process. The outer rings 51a and 51b of the two ball bearings are not in contact with each other. In this example of an "X" mounting of the ball bearings, the set of clamping screws 52 is configured to exert a force tending to bring the two outer rings 51a and 51b forming the precharging device of the linear actuator. As in the first example, this single preloading device advantageously makes it possible to simultaneously load the roller screw mechanism and the rotational guidance of the screw-roller mechanism with respect to the frame. In this second example, the two outer rings are not in contact with one another, the preload is elastic. As illustrated by FIG. 3b, the precharging device enables the clearance to be compensated by means of a single effort path 60 between the half-shells of the frame and the worm, passing through the balls, the oblique contacts of the bearings. , threaded rings and rollers. This elastic precharge device advantageously makes it possible to limit the risk of seizing by friction of the parts in contact. Figures 4a and 4b show a third example of a linear actuator according to the invention comprising a roller screw mechanism guided in rotation relative to a frame. This third example of a linear actuator is similar to the second example described in FIGS. 2a and 2b. The common components have the same markers and are not detailed. In this third example, the rotation guidance is provided by means of two rows of angular contact ball bearings 33c and 33d mounted in "O". The threaded rings 29a and 29b of the roller screw mechanism 24 constitute the inner rings of the ball bearings. In this third example, the frame comprises two half-shells 50c and 50d connected by a set of clamping screws 62. The outer ring 51c of the ball bearing 33c is integral with the first half-shell 50c of the frame. The outer ring 51d of the ball bearing 33d is integral with the second half-shell 50d of the frame. The outer rings 51c and 51d of the two ball bearings are not in contact with each other. The set of clamping screws 62 is configured to exert a force tending to move the two outer rings 51c and 51d apart. As before, this single preloading device advantageously makes it possible to simultaneously load the roller screw mechanism and the rotational guidance of the screw-roller mechanism with respect to the frame. The two outer rings are not in contact with one another, the preload is elastic. As illustrated by FIG. 4b, the precharging device enables the clearance to be compensated by means of a single effort path 70 between the half-shells of the frame and the worm, passing through the balls, the oblique contacts of the bearings. , threaded rings and rollers. This elastic precharge device advantageously makes it possible to limit the risk of seizing by friction of the parts in contact.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Linear actuator comprising a roller screw mechanism (24) guided in rotation with respect to a frame (26) by means of first and second angular contact ball bearings (33a, 33b), the screw mechanism roller bearing (24) comprising rollers (28) interposed between a worm (25) and first and second threaded rings (29a, 29b) interconnected in rotation and free in translation, characterized in that the first and the second threaded rings (29a, 29b) are integral with an inner ring respectively of the first and second angular contact ball bearings (33a, 33b), and in that the linear actuator comprises a single precharging device ( 36, 52) capable of exerting a stress between two outer rings (32a, 32b) respectively of the first and second angular contact ball bearings (33a, 33b), for simultaneously loading the roller screw mechanism. (24) and the guidance rotating the screw-roller mechanism (24) relative to the frame (26).
    [0002]
    2. Linear actuator according to claim 1, wherein the threaded rings (29a, 29b) constitute the inner rings of the two ball bearings (33a, 33b).
    [0003]
    Linear actuator according to claim 2, wherein the threaded rings (29a, 29b) are connected by means of a key (30). 25
    [0004]
    The linear actuator of claim 2, wherein the threaded rings (29a, 29b) are bonded by means of a metal bellows (70). 30
    [0005]
    The linear actuator of claim 1 to 4, comprising a solid precharge device (36) capable of exerting a stress between the outer rings (32a, 32b) brought into contact with each other.
    [0006]
    Linear actuator according to claim 5, wherein the preloading device (36) comprises a bearing surface (34) and an elastic ring (35) enclosing the two outer rings (32a, 32b) in contact with each other. the other, and comprising a set of clamping screws (36) configured to impose a stress on the elastic ring (35).
    [0007]
    7. Linear actuator according to claim 1 to 4, comprising an elastic precharge device (52) capable of exerting a stress between the two outer rings (51a, 51b) spaced apart from each other.
    [0008]
    8. linear actuator according to claim 7, whose frame comprises a first and a second half-shells (50a, 50b) secured respectively to the first and second outer rings (51a, 51b), and whose preloading device (52). is configured to impose a constraint tending to bring the two outer rings (51a, 51b) closer together; the rotation guidance being ensured by the two ball bearings (33a, 33b) mounted in "X".
    [0009]
    9. linear actuator according to claim 7, the frame comprises a first and a second half-shells (50c, 50d) secured respectively to the first and second outer rings (51c, 51d), and whose preloading device (62). is configured to impose a constraint tending to move the two outer rings (51c, 51d) away; the rotation guidance being ensured by the two ball bearings (33c, 33d) mounted in "o".
    [0010]
    10. Linear actuator according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the worm (25) and the frame (26) are connected in rotation and free in translation.
    [0011]
    Linear actuator according to claim 10, wherein the worm (25) and the frame (26) are connected by means of a key or a metal bellows (27).
    [0012]
    12. Linear actuator according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a rotary motor (31) capable of rotating the tubuestarudas (29a, 29b) of the screw-to-roller mechanism (24) relative to the frame (26). .5
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    FR3021085B1|2016-05-27|
    JP2015218904A|2015-12-07|
    US20150330488A1|2015-11-19|
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    法律状态:
    2015-05-08| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2015-11-20| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20151120 |
    2016-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-04-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-05-01| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-05-05| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1401107A|FR3021085B1|2014-05-16|2014-05-16|PRELOADING DEVICE FOR ROTATING GUIDE SCREW SCREW MECHANISM|FR1401107A| FR3021085B1|2014-05-16|2014-05-16|PRELOADING DEVICE FOR ROTATING GUIDE SCREW SCREW MECHANISM|
    EP15167395.1A| EP2947348B1|2014-05-16|2015-05-12|Pre-charging device for a rotatably guided roller screw mechanism|
    ES15167395T| ES2868881T3|2014-05-16|2015-05-12|Preload device for a rotating guided roller screw mechanism|
    CN201510446927.2A| CN105114580B|2014-05-16|2015-05-15|Preloading device for a rotationally guided roller screw mechanism|
    US14/713,652| US10309503B2|2014-05-16|2015-05-15|Preloading device for a roller screw mechanism guided in rotation|
    JP2015099874A| JP6637677B2|2014-05-16|2015-05-15|Preloading device for roller screw mechanism guided in a rotary manner|
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